Osteochondrosis is a chronic disease sympathetically expressed by dystrophic disorders in the articular cartilage. Most often the osteochondrosis of the spine occurs when changes occur in intervertebral discs and intervertebral joints. Depending on the localization, cervical, thoracic and lumbar osteochondrosis is distinguished. Osteochondrosis is also often found, in which all spinal parts suffer. Pathology requires consultation with a physician and an integrated approach to treatment.
Description
Spinal diseases, like other chronic diseases, are quickly "becoming younger". If previously back pain and joints disturbed the elderly, today patients aged 18-30 are treating more and more doctors.
Scientists consider a person's justice a prerequisite for the development of this disease, an osteochondrosis is also facilitated by an extended sitting position. In addition, with age, articular cartilage loses elasticity and elasticity, thin; The intervertebral discs lose moisture and the ability to absorb shock, become vulnerable at the time of physical exercise.
Reason
The causes of cervical osteochondrosis lie in loads and they affect the cervical region in different circumstances. Therefore, the muscles in the neck begin to decrease intensely, thus offsetting this load, as a result of which a spasm occurs, as well as a violation of blood flow to the area.
Violation of behavioral scoliosis, stoop, back, kyphosis and other behavioral disorders, even if they are irrelevant, cause a serious violation of the spinal column balance. As a result, the load on the intervertebral discs is unevenly distributed, which provokes their deformity and increased consumption. The vertebrae begins to approach, causing violations of nerve processes, cervical osteochondrosis develops quite quickly. Similar consequences have violations of the attitude caused by a change in the natural position of the ribs.
Muscle spasms spasmodic reactions of the back muscles, breast, press can lead to the fact that individual parts of the body are very tense. As a result, the overall position of the body's balance is disturbed, causing a change in the position of the spine. Deformations can affect the region of the cervical region or other parts of the spinal column, causing osteochondrosis of the chest, cervical and lumbar parts.
Violation of blood supply, as vertebrates do not have a direct connection to the circulatory system, they receive food from the surrounding tissue. Violation of blood supply to the cervical spine leads to the fact that the discs do not receive sufficient fluid for rehabilitation (restoration of the form due to moisture absorption), and renewal of cartilage tissue. As a result, their coating is accelerated, there is a decrease in distances between the vertebrae of the cervical region, which leads to osteochondrosis.
Violation of intrigue, a decrease in the sensitivity of the nerve roots leads to pathological changes in their structure, as a result of which the displacement and deformation of the cervical region beads remain unnoticed by the patient. After all, the pain is missing due to sensitivity disorders.
Diseases of the internal organs are the wrong position of the internal organs, the displacement and decrease of them due to different dysfunctions leads to a violation of the overall balance in the body. As a result, this acutely affects the position of the spinal column - the cervix, the lumbar vertebrae is moved and deformed, leading to the relevant types of osteochondrosis.
In general, osteochondrosis of the cervical region develops due to the effects of adverse external factors that violate the position of the natural balance of the spinal column and other systems of the human body.
Troubleshooting
The diagnosis of cervical osteochondrosis begins with collecting all the information needed for the patient. The specialist asks about complaints that concern the person, is interested in his professional activities, as well as how he spends his weekend. An important point is the presence of osteochondrosis in parents, grandparents, because it is a disease of hereditary nature.
Then the doctor continues directly on the patient's visual examination. He studies the separation of the cervix and his back in the bending of behavior, the palpage of the cervical region. This allows a specialist to evaluate the degree of development of the disease because in advanced cases, palpation of the cervical region causes a sharp pain.
When examining, you should pay attention:
on the severity of the cervical lordosis;
shoulder height in the patient;
the possibility of asymmetry of the supraclock areas;
the possibility of neck asymmetry (for example, a consequence of congenital pathology or sharp muscle spasm);
The condition of the muscles of the shoulder band and upper limbs (for example, muscle atrophy with one -sided may indicate a compression of the cervical spine);
The location of the beard - the beard is normal should be located along the middle line;
Neck movement (flexion bending, right slope and rotation and rotation).
Palpation is performed in the patient's initial position:
lying on the back;
lying in the stomach;
Sitting in a chair.
The volume of volume of movements is also performed. It is performed in the initial position of the patient sitting in a chair (to adjust the other spine).
Distinguish the following basic movements in the cervical region:
bending;
extension;
slopes on the right and left;
Rotation.
About half of the flexion and stretch volume occurs between the back of the head, the vertebrae of C1 and C2. The rest of the movement is performed due to the basic beads, with a large degree of movement in the C5-C7 beads. Side tendencies are evenly distributed between all beads.
To accurately make a diagnosis, additional studies are described:
X -Ray of the cervical region. This method is appropriate in the early stages of the disease, but can be useless in advanced forms.
CT (calculated tomography). It allows you to see structural changes in the beads, but with the help of this method it is impossible to determine the size of the hernia between the vertebrae.
MRI is considered the most effective method of diagnosing cervical osteochondrosis. You can determine the size of the hernia between the discs as well as the degree of their development.
The doctor can also prescribe a duplex scan that allows you to determine a violation of normal blood flow to the arteries.
Treatment
Treatment of cervical osteochondrosis is a complex therapy that involves taking medication, gels, and various physiotherapeutic measures. An important role is played by therapeutic gymnastics as well as the massage of the problem area.
potion
It is impossible to eliminate the consequences of degenerative-district changes in the spine without the use of medicines. The use of medicines in the treatment of osteochondrosis of the cervical region is one of the highlights of the complex approach to healing, used by most traditional medicine specialists.
Is created to solve some problems, including:
stop the symptom of pain and eliminate the inflammatory process;
Remove muscle spasm;
stimulate the process of regeneration of cartilage cells and bone tissue;
strengthening the body's protective properties, boosts immunity;
Improve the overall condition by eliminating other symptoms that interfere with recovery.
Depending on these purposes, all medicines determined by a physician suffering from cervical osteochondrosis can be conditionally divided into the following groups:
Analgesic (non -transaleoidal drugs that relieve pain).
Anti -inflammatory (steroids) are hormonal medicines that relieve inflammatory phenomena and, thus eliminating pain.
Chondroprotectors are drugs that contain substances that replace cartilage tissue components - chondroitin, hyaluronic acid.
Musorelaxants. These are medicines that relax muscle tone. They are used in operations and orthopedics as auxiliary tools to stop pain. Such drugs are administered by the Parentele, and therefore always under the supervision of a doctor.
Vitamins. With osteochondrosis of the cervical region, vitamins have been prescribed, beneficial to the peripheral nervous system and improving conductivity. Water -soluble vitamins: B1, B6, B12, soluble fat vitamins: A, C, D, E. In recent years, combined medicines containing both painkillers and vitamin components more often.
Ointments and gel for external use.
physiotherapy
The main purpose of physiotherapeutic treatment is to stimulate the regeneration process in the body and eliminate pain. The most popular methods in the treatment of cervical chilia are these:
Ultrasound. Ultrasound wave treatment is used to facilitate serious pain manifestations and inflammatory response. The ultrasound is massaging the neck tissue, after which metabolism is activated.
Massage of vibration. The impact on the area of pain during the vibration massage is through mechanical oscillating movements. For the proper behavior of this physiotherapy, a viborer ribbon is usually used.
Electrophoresis. This method of performing physiotherapeutic care for cervical osteochondrosis is carried out using diademical and modulated currents, as well as electric fields when the body is administered in the drug tissue. Electrophoresis perfectly relieves spasmodic syndromes and eliminates pain in the inflamed muscles.
Magnetotherapy. The essence of magnetotherapy as physiotization in osteochondrosis of the cervical region is explained by the use of constant or variables of the fields with a magnet, a frequency of different sizes. This method can help the patient remove the pain and stop the inflammatory process in the hearth. The procedure is often performed at home after receiving a special magnetographic device.
Dutoenzor-therapy. Currently, a very popular method of physiotherapy, composed in the extension of the spinal column under the mass of the patient's body. To carry out such a procedure, a special mattress is needed, which has prone ribs and they change the location under their body weight. Muscle tone is normalized, which leads to their relaxation.
Laser therapy. Laser has a complex effect on the focus of inflammation, activates biological processes in the nervous system tissues. This allows you to get a positive effect from treatment. A complex effect on the body consists of anti -inflammatory healing effect, analgesic and wound. A laser treatment procedure should not exceed 15 minutes. This is the optimal time of sectoral exposure of the propeller-neon laser in the affected areas. In this case, the duration of the laser in a pain should not exceed 2 minutes.
Balneotherapy. The benefits of mineral water have been known for a long time, this is what Balneotherapy is based. The procedure implies the active use of water resources in the treatment of osteochondrosis. In addition to adopting bathrooms, various types of souls and active swimming in the pool, therapy involves the use of therapeutic mud applications in painful areas of the body. The therapeutic effect is achieved by the simultaneous effect of chemically active substances involved in water under various temperature conditions. The technique allows you to stop the pain syndrome by improving local microcirulation in the tissue.
Exercise therapy
It should be remembered that exercise therapy is not performed when signs of irritation begin: pain. After the LFK complex, they can intensify and cause annoyance.
There are a number of general recommendations for loading:
Physical education should be developed inside with good ventilation, a great opportunity on the road.
Classes are performed only during the period of removal of the disease (when there are no symptoms).
Exercise therapy is supposed to be wide, not embarrassing movement and breathing.
All movements are smooth, amplitude and the number of repetitions gradually increase.
If the pain begins, you should stop the lesson immediately.
Precedes the class and completes pressure and pulse measurements. When these indicators differ from normal, the load must be reduced.
It is advisable to listen to your breathing throughout the lesson, this will increase efficiency. All stretching exercises are performed in extraction.
It is very important to gradually increase the load and the number of repetitions, this will reduce the risk of damage and prevent excessive work.
Exercises are important to perform regularly, so you can achieve a quick result.
Before starting independent classes, you should consult a doctor and agree with it a set of exercises.
Recommended exercises in the starting position lying in the stomach:
The head is at the bottom of the forehead, hands on the back of the head, elbows parallel to the floor. Raise your head with your hands from the floor, hold this position in 4 accounts, sit down and rest. Repeat 2-4 times.
The head is at a stop on the chin, the palms under the chin. Time in time, stretch the arms forward, two - spread to the sides, three - extends forward, four - starting position. Repeat 2-4 times.
Extended hands forward. The "rabbit" style swimming, repeated 4-8 times.
Palms under the chin, emphasis on the palm of your forehead. Otherwise, extracting the heel of the buttocks. Repeat 4-8 times.
Recommended exercises in the starting position lying on the side (on the right, then on the left):
The right hand is elongated, the right ear lies on it, raise your right hand with your head, hold the position in 4 accounts, less and relax. Repeat 2-4 times.
The left hand stands on the floor in front of the chest, the left leg makes the movements of the flies back and on. Repeat 6-8 times.
The left hand along the body, raise your left hand up and out, lower, lower. Repeat 2-4 times.
Left hand in the thigh. Pulling both knees to the chest in extraction, direct your feet in inspiration. Repeat the exercises 2-4 times.
